Sector investing wiki

Climate risk disclosure — and the thinking that goes behind it — protects our customers, crewmembers, and shareholders. These new recommendations guide us on how to do just that. The impact of climate change and the transition to a lower-carbon economy deserve board-level scrutiny and governance. Independent research commissioned by HSBC shows that less than a quarter of companies currently disclose their environmental impact. This makes it very difficult for analysts and investors to assess and compare how sustainable these companies are.

These recommendations are a practical and pragmatic response to the need for consistent and comparable climate-related financial disclosure. Such methods are intended to show only an expected range of possible investment outcomes, and should not be viewed as a guide to future performance.

There is no assurance that any returns can be achieved, that the strategy will be successful or profitable for any investor, or that any industry views will come to pass. Actual investors may experience different results. Information is unaudited unless otherwise indicated, and any information from third-party sources is believed to be reliable, but PineBridge Investments cannot guarantee its accuracy or completeness. This document and the information contained herein does not constitute and is not intended to constitute an offer of securities or provision of financial advice and accordingly should not be construed as such.

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These would perform well when the market is at its top. Contrarian This includes consumer staples. These should perform least badly in a bear market. Note that the performances mentioned are always relative to the overall market. During a bear market it is expected that all stocks will go down some. Connection with other markets[ edit ] The primary driver of sector rotation is the variability of currency values inflationary, disinflationary, or deflationary and interest rates.

As the economy expands, demand for raw materials creates inflationary pressures, which in turn prompt higher interest rates, which increase the value of the currency, which reduces the competitiveness of a country's exports as the currency causes them to cost more to other countries.

It's a way of capitalizing on market shifts caused by changing business conditions and investor focus. Fundamental to sector investing is the fact that different sectors and industries perform differently in different phases of the business cycle. Typically, growth sectors, such as information technology, do best during an expansion, while defensive sectors, such as food products and tobacco, fare better during a contraction.

At any given time, some sectors will perform better than others, creating opportunities for investors. Sectors are also impacted differently by trends or specific events. Rising interest rates, for example, may have a negative impact on the financial services sector, but very little effect on the health care sector.

Consumer discretionary industries such as construction, automobiles, or household durables tend to be particularly sensitive to business cycles, while consumer staples and other "defensive" sectors tend to be better insulated from changes in economic activity. Essential to sector investing is the need to define sectors and industries on a consistent basis, so that all companies can be classified within a framework that accurately reflects their business.

Any classification standard must also be flexible enough to adapt easily to a constantly changing investment world. This four-tier structure accommodates companies across the world and dramatically facilitates sector analysis and investing. Why ETFs? The ideal way to invest in a sector may be to hold a diversified mix of stocks considered representative of that sector. For most investors, the easiest way to do this is to buy shares of a sector mutual fund or ETF.

Sector mutual funds come in many different varieties, some actively managed and others designed to parallel a particular sector benchmark — so-called index funds. ETFs go a step further, offering the low fees of index funds and the agility of stocks. Here's how ETFs work. An institutional investor deposits a specified block of securities in a fund. Shares of the fund are then listed on an exchange. Unlike mutual funds that must be purchased or sold at their end-of-day NAV, ETFs can be bought and sold in real time at prices that change throughout the day.

ETFs can thus be used for certain hedging strategies typically associated with stocks, such as buying on margin and selling short. Costs are key Like any other investment, there are costs associated with ETFs. Brokerage commissions are paid on a per-trade basis to buy or sell shares just as they are with stocks. ETFs also have management expenses. However, they may be lower than traditional actively managed mutual funds.

Also remember that commissions apply to ETF purchases, so ETFs may be inappropriate for a regular investment plan such as dollar cost averaging. Reproduction in whole or in part prohibited, except by permission. All rights reserved.