Non investing buck-boost converter design demystified

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But, the voltage can be regulated by connecting a feedback circuit from output to input. In this tutorial, a non-isolated buck-boost converter is designed which means the input and output share the same ground and the polarity of the output voltage is opposite to the input. The converter will have a fixed output voltage in Buck Mode and Boost Mode separately. Once the circuit is designed and assembled, the value of the output voltage and current will be observed using a multimeter.

These values will indicate the efficiency of the buck-boost converter designed in the project. Components Required — Fig. The buck-boost converter has the following circuit blocks — 1. DC source — A 12V Battery is used as the input power source in the circuit. Oscillator and Switching Mechanism — For switching purpose a transistor and a diode are used as switching components.

The switching components has to operate on a specific frequency. This frequency is generated through an oscillator circuit. Any other Arduino Board like Arduino Mega can also be used. In fact any microcontroller or microcontroller board which can output PWM can be used in the circuit. Arduino is chosen as it is the most popular prototyping board and can be easily programmed. Due to large community support, it is easy to learn and work on Arduino.

For switching purpose, a transistor and a diode are used as switching components. This results in more power loss. IR is a high and low side driver. The floating channels can operate up to V or V. The IC is 3. IR has the following pin configuration — Fig. The switching time of the diode should be less than the rise and fall time of the PWM wave. Inductor value 15 mH The switching frequency is chosen as 40 kHz because of two Capacitor value 1 uF reasons.

First reason is real-time application considerations. Second reason is to decrease the switching losses. But it can be decreased significantly by But, the voltage drops is ignorable in this paper because of choosing higher switching frequency or reducing upper high operating voltage levels. The duty cycle of boost mode voltage value of the boost mode. Buck Mode 3. It is clear that PWM pulses are generated by intersection If input voltage is greater than terminal voltage of the of a control signal Vctrl and one carrier signals to avoid the fluorescent lamp, buck mode is used.

The power switch occurrence of converter buck-boost mode. The triangular SW1 is operated with duty cycle D1, while the power switch wave with the maximum amplitude VH1 and minimum SW2 is always off. By comparison with buck converter, this amplitude VL1 with two reference line determine the mode has one disadvantage which is voltage drops owing state of S1 and S2, respectively. Buck and boost modes analyzed with details Badawy et al.

The duty cycle of buck mode is given 3. System Modelling in Equation 2. To calculation of The third mode is prevented because the mode never occurs the characteristics of the converter, nonlinear power stages in buck or boost mode of the converter. Buck-boost mode is of the PWM converter should be averaged and linearized. This Circuit averaging method and state-space averaging method operation mode is avoided due to high losses of working are two averaging methods for PWM converters. However, in this mode in comparison with buck and boost modes the state-space averaging method needs to a considerable Schaltz et al.

Inductor value and output filter capac- amount of differential equations and matrix algebra itor value are same in all modes of operation of the con- manipulations. In addition, if the equations has a number verter. PWM modulation strategy. Figure 4. Firstly, control to output transfer functions for obtain averaged and linearized model of the converter. They are inductor Figure 2. From voltage divider, Equation 7 is obtained for resistance and capacitor resistance denoted by rL and rC, buck mode; respectively.

Other parasitic components are ignored because Z 2 s effect of them to the circuit approximately equal to zero. In Figure 4, Supposing that vi and i0 equal to zero. Substitution of it is clearly seen that the small-signal model has three input Equations 5 and 6 into Equation 7 yields the transfer variables d, vi, and i0, and one output variable vo.

The small- function of buck converter denoted by K1 s in s-domain. Two level control is that compensator design In boost mode, consider that the current through Z2 for buck and boost modes separately. This way requires impedance is iZ2 the current through the inductor is Iin. Therefore, a single-level classical controller will be designed. It is obvious that the converter is stable in I d v0 V0 d v0 buck mode in Figure 5. In other words, there is a non-minimum phase feature in the boost mode.

These R L 1 - D 2 2 Z 2 1 - D 2 reasons decrease the stability of boost mode in comparison Finally, which becomes with the buck mode. Therefore, the single level compensator will be designed in reference to the boost mode. Control flow diagram of the system is presented in Figure Hence, substitution of 5 and 6 into 13 gives the 6. The figure shows producing duty cycles of buck and boost control to output transfer function of the boost mode in the modes to supply desired output voltage.

The controller dc output value of the boost mode are denoted by RL, coefficients are calculated by determining the closed-loop rL, rC, D2, V0, respectively. In addition that, IL is averaged poles corresponding to this performance requirement. The control to output transfer Obtained controller coefficients are given in Table 4. Because only control input is 5. Various 18 W fluorescent lamps are operated in the laboratory with appropriate electronic ballasts.

Performance goals of the non-inverting buck-boost Table 4. Controller coefficients. Frequency response diagram of the non-inverting buck-boost converter. Figure 6. Control flow diagram. Conclusion volts and over. Furthermore, it is measured that the Design and control of the cascaded buck boost converter operating DC link voltage of the ballasts is about volts.

It provides simple solution for igniting lamps in Chondrakis and Topalis and the measured fluorescent lamps at starting. Thus, there is no need for values, it is decided that reference values of the converter are frequency changes in the resonance circuit at starting.

Also, V and V for boost and buck modes, respectively. A feedback The reference V DC value is applied for the boost mode, control system, with a type III compensator, is designed to while the V DC reference value is applied for the buck ensure small signal stability with adequate gain and phase mode.

The tracking performance of the nominal voltage margins. The concept has been indicated by evaluating 18 value of V DC reference was also investigated. Firstly, W fluorescent lamp prototype. The simulation results are boost mode was initially simulated for the lamp starting and presented to verify the feasibility and performance of the then the converter switched to the buck mode for operation.

The obtained simulation results are given in Figure 7. This figure shows that the compansator is able to achieve the 7. Acknowledgment performance requirements. It is transparent that the one- This research was supported by Projects of Scientific level controller in buck mode displays better performance. The Type-III controller is also synthesized to minimize the unwanted state originating from this feature.

The obtained 8. References performances from the closed-loop system using the Type- Ahmed, S. Jamil, S. Electronic ballast circuit configurations for fluorescent lamps. Table 5. Performance parameters of the non-inverting buck-boost converter. Badawy, MO. IEEE Rise time [tr] 0. Power Electron, Settling time [ts] 0. Cheng, CA. A novel method of using second-order lamp model to design dimmable fluorescent lamps electronic ballast, The 27th Annual Conference of the IEEE, pp.

Chen, N. A driving technology for retrofit LED lamp for fluorescent lighting fixtures with electronic ballasts. IEEE Trans. An LED lamp driver compatible with low-and high-frequency sources. Choi, JY. LED driver compatible with electronic ballast, Diss. Dissertation, Dept. Choi, J.

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